The federal Department of Health and Human Services has developed regulations (42 CFR Part 50 Subpart F and 45 CFR Part 94) on Promoting Objectivity in Research. The regulations were first developed in 1995, and in 2011, the regulations were revised. These regulations describe the actions an individual and an organization must take to promote objectivity in PHS-funded research. The regulations apply to all Public Health Service (PHS) (e.g., National Institutes of Health [NIH])-funded grants, cooperative agreements, and research contracts. The regulations are not applicable to Phase I Small Business Innovation Research or Small Business Technology Transfer applications and/or awards. This policy implements the regulatory requirements for Remmie, Inc.
Company Responsibilities means the professional responsibilities an Investigator performs on behalf of the Company, such as research, teaching, clinical activities, administration, and internal and external professional committee service.
Designated Official means the individual within the Company (Remmie, Inc.) that is responsible for the solicitation and review of disclosures of significant financial interests including those of the Investigator’s Family related to the Investigator’s Company responsibilities. For the purposes of this policy, the Designated Official is designated as Jane Zhang, CEO of Remmie, Inc. (jane@remmiehealth.com).
Family means any member of the Investigator’s immediate family, specifically, any dependent children and spouse.
Financial Conflict of Interest (FCOI) means a Significant Financial Interest (or, where the Designted Official requires disclosure of other Financial Interests, a Financial Interest) that the Company reasonably determines could directly and significantly affect the design, conduct, or reporting of PHS-sponsored research.
Financial Interest means anything of monetary value received or held by an Investigator or an Investigator’s Family, whether or not the value is readily ascertainable, including, but not limited to: salary or other payments for services (e.g., consulting fees, honoraria, or paid authorships for other than scholarly works); any equity interests (e.g., stocks, stock options, or other ownership interests); and intellectual property rights and interests (e.g., patents, trademarks, service marks, and copyrights), upon receipt of royalties or other income related to such intellectual property rights and interests.
For Investigators, Financial Interest also includes any reimbursed or sponsored travel undertaken by the Investigator and related to his/her company responsibilities. This includes travel that is paid on behalf of the Investigator as well as travel that is reimbursed, even if the exact monetary value is not readily available. It excludes travel reimbursed or sponsored by U.S. Federal, state or local governmental agencies, U.S. institutions of higher education, research institutes affiliated with institutions of higher education, academic teaching hospitals, and medical centers.
Foreign Financial Interests: Investigators must disclose all foreign financial interests (which includes income from seminars, lectures, or teaching engagements, income from service on advisory committees or review panels, and reimbursed or sponsored travel) received from any foreign entity, including foreign Institutions of higher education or a foreign government (which includes local, provincial, or equivalent governments of another country) when such income meets the threshold for disclosure (e.g., income in excess of $5,000).
Investigator means any individual who is responsible for the design, conduct, or reporting of PHS-sponsored research, or proposals for such funding. This definition is not limited to those titled or budgeted as principal investigator or co-investigator on a particular proposal, and may include postdoctoral associates, senior scientists, or graduate students. The definition may also include collaborators or consultants as appropriate. For clarity, any of the following are considered an investigator: the project director/principal investigator or any other employee, collaborator, consultant, or other person, regardless of title or position, who is responsible for the design, conduct, or reporting of research funded by the NIH, or reporting of research funded by the NIH.
Public Health Service (PHS) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and any components of the PHS to which the authority of the HHS may be delegated. The components of the PHS include, but are not limited to, the Administration for Children and Families, Administration on Aging, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Federal Occupational Health, Food and Drug Administration, Health Resources and Services Administration, Indian Health Service, National Institutes of Health, and Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
Research means a systematic investigation, study, or experiment designed to contribute to generalizable knowledge relating broadly to public health, including behavioral and social-sciences research. The term encompasses basic and applied research (e.g., a published article, book or book chapter) and product development (e.g., a diagnostic test or drug). For PHS-Funded Research, the term includes any such activity for which research funding is available from a PHS Awarding Component through a grant, cooperative agreement, or contract, whether authorized under the PHS Act or other statutory authority.
Significant Financial Interest (SFI)
The disclosure requirement does not apply to travel that is reimbursed or sponsored by the following:
A Subrecipient is established when federal funds flow down from or through the Company to another individual or entity to compensate the subrecipient for conducting a substantive portion of a PHS-funded research project. The subrecipient is accountable to the Company for programmatic outcomes and compliance matters. Subrecipients include but are not limited to collaborators, consortium members, consultants, contractors, subcontractors, and sub-awardees. They are subject to the Company’s terms and conditions, including the federal FCOI regulation.
DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS
At the time of application, the Principal Investigator and all other individuals who meet the definition of “Investigator” must disclose their SFIs to Remmie, Inc.’s Designated Official. Any new Investigator who, after applying to NIH for funding from NIH or during the course of the research project, plans to participate in the project must similarly disclose their SFI(s) to the Designated Official promptly and prior to participation in the project.
Each Investigator who is participating in research under an NIH award must submit an updated disclosure of SFI at least annually, during the period of the award. Such disclosure must include any information that was not disclosed initially to Remmie, Inc. pursuant to this Policy or in a subsequent disclosure of SFI (e.g., any financial conflict of interest identified on an NIH-funded project directly as an NIH Grantee and/or indirectly through a sub-award) that was transferred from another Institution), and must include updated information regarding any previously disclosed SFI (e.g., the updated value of a previously disclosed equity interest).
Each Investigator participating in PHS/NIH-funded research must submit an updated disclosure of SFI within thirty (30) days of discovering or acquiring a new SFI (e.g., through purchase, marriage, or inheritance). In addition, Investigators must submit an updated disclosure of reimbursed or sponsored travel within 30 days of each occurrence.
REVIEW OF SFI DISCLOSURES BY REMMIE, INC.’S COMPANY OFFICIAL
The Designated Official will conduct reviews of SFI disclosures. The Designated Official will review any SFI that has been identified in a disclosure; these interests will be compared to each PHS/NIH research application and/or award on which the Investigator is identified as responsible for the design, conduct, or reporting of the research to determine if the SFI is related to the PHS/NIH-funded research and, if so, whether the SFI creates a FCOI related to that research award.
GUIDELINES FOR DETERMINING “RELATEDNESS” OF SFI TO PHS/NIH-FUNDED RESEARCH AND A FINANCIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The Designated Official will determine whether an Investigator’s SFI is related to the research under an NIH award and, if so, whether the SFI is a financial conflict of interest.
An Investigator’s SFI is related to the research when the Designated Official reasonably determines the SFI:
The Designated Official may involve the Investigator in determining whether an SFI is related to the research supported by the award.
A financial conflict of interest exists when the Designated Official reasonably determines that the SFI could directly and significantly affect the design, conduct, or reporting of the PHS/NIH-funded research. (“Significantly” means that the financial interest would have a material effect on the research).
MANAGEMENT OF SIGNIFICANT FINANCIAL INTERESTS THAT POSE FINANCIAL CONFLICT(S) OF INTEREST
If a conflict of interest exists, the Designated Official will determine what management conditions and/or strategies will be put in place to manage the FCOI. Examples of conditions that might be imposed to manage a financial conflict of interest include, but are not limited to:
If the Designated Official determines that a conflict exists, it will communicate its determination and the means it has developed for managing the FCOI in writing to the individual, to the relevant Principal Investigator/Project Director, and to the appropriate direct supervisor.
No expenditures on an NIH award will be permitted until the Investigator has complied with the Disclosure requirements of this Policy and has agreed, in writing, to comply with any plans determined by the Designated Official necessary to manage the Financial Conflict of Interest. The designated FCOI of Remmie, Inc. will submit the FCOI report to NIH via the eRA Commons FCOI Module.
PUBLIC ACCESSIBILITY TO INFORMATION RELATED TO FINANCIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Prior to the expenditure of any funds under an NIH award, Remmie, Inc. will ensure public accessibility by written response to any requestor within five business days of a request of information concerning any SFI disclosed that meets the following three criteria:
The information that Remmie, Inc. will make available via a publicly accessible website or in a written response to any requestor within five days of request will include, at a minimum, the following:
If Remmie, Inc. uses a publicly accessible website to comply with the public disclosure requirements of the NIH regulations, the information posted will be updated at least annually and within sixty days of receipt or identification of information concerning any additional SFI of the senior/key personnel for the NIH-funded research project that had not been previously disclosed, or upon the disclosure of a Significant Financial Interest of senior/key personnel new to the NIH-funded research project, if it is determined by the Designated Official that the SFI is related to the research and is a financial conflict of interest.
Information concerning an individual’s SFI, as limited by this Policy, will remain available for responses to written requests or for posting via Remmie, Inc.’s publicly accessible website for at least three years from the date that the information was most recently updated.
REPORTING OF FINANCIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Prior to the expenditure of any funds under an award funded by NIH, Remmie, Inc. will provide to NIH a FCOI report compliant with NIH regulations regarding any Investigator’s SFI found to be conflicting and will ensure that the Investigator has agreed to and implemented the corresponding management plan.
Remmie, Inc. will assign an institutional official to serve as the FCOI Signing Official (SO) within the eRA Commons FCOI Module. The FCOI SO has the authority to submit FCOI reports to the NIH. The FCOI Module User Guide is available at Financial Conflict of Interest User Guide (nih.gov).
While the award is ongoing (including any extensions with or without funds), Remmie, Inc. will provide NIH with an annual FCOI report that addresses the status of the FCOI (i.e., an indication whether the FCOI is still being managed or if it no longer exists) and any changes in the management plan, if applicable.
For any SFI that is identified as conflicting subsequent to an initial FCOI report during an ongoing NIH-funded research project (e.g., a new SFI is identified for an Investigator who is participating in the NIH-funded research, upon the participation of an Investigator who is new to the research project, etc.), Remmie, Inc. will provide to NIH within 60 days of identifying an FCOI, an FCOI report regarding the financial conflict of interest and ensure that Remmie, Inc. has implemented a management plan and the Investigator has agreed to the relevant management plan.
The Original (initial) FCOI report will include the information required in the regulation at 42 CFR Part 50.605(b)(3) or as outlined in NIH’s FAQ H.5. at Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) | grants.nih.gov.
Additional information on FCOI reporting can be found under this reference: Types of FCOI Reports Summary Chart for NIH and is available at required_FCOI_reports_through_era_commons.docx (live.com).
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
Each Investigator will be informed about Remmie, Inc.’s Financial Conflict of Interest Policy and be trained on the Investigator’s responsibility to disclose foreign and domestic SFIs per this policy and of the FCOI regulation at 42 CFR Part 50 Subpart F. FCOI training will occur prior to an Investigator engaging in PHS/NIH-funded research, at least every four years and immediately (as defined below) when any of the following circumstances apply:
In fulfillment of the FCOI training requirement of the FCOI regulation, Remmie, Inc. requires its investigators to complete the National Institutes of Health’s Financial Conflict of Interest tutorial located at: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/coi/tutorial2011/fcoi.htm in accordance with the requirements and expectations of this Policy. All investigators must print a certification of completion at the end of training and retain it for audit purposes.
FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH REMMIE, INC’S CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY APPLICABLE TO PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE FUNDED AWARD
When an FCOI is not identified or managed in a timely manner, including failure by the Investigator to disclose an SFI that is determined by the Institution to constitute a FCOI, failure by the Institution to review or manage such an FCOI; and failure by the Investigator to comply with a management plan; Remmie, Inc, will within 120 days:
If bias is found, Remmie, Inc. shall notify NIH promptly and submit a mitigation report to NIH via the eRA Commons FCOI Module that shall address the following:
Thereafter, Remmie, Inc. shall submit FCOI reports annually to NIH in accordance with the regulations and terms and conditions of the award agreement. Depending on the nature of the Financial Conflict of Interest, Remmie, Inc. may determine that additional interim measures are necessary with regard to the Investigator’s participation in the research project between the date that the Financial Conflict of Interest is identified and the completion of Remmie, Inc.’s independent retrospective review. If bias is not found, no further action is required.
CLINICAL RESEARCH REQUIREMENTS
If HHS determines that one of its funded clinical research projects whose purpose is to evaluate the safety or effectiveness of a drug, medical device, or treatment, has been designed, conducted or reported by an Investigator with a Financial Conflict of Interest that was not managed or reported by Remmie, Inc., the company shall require the Investigator involved to disclose the Financial Conflict of Interest in each public presentation of the results of the research and to request an addendum to previously published presentations.
SUBRECIPIENT REQUIREMENTS
A subrecipient relationship is established when federal funds flow down from or through Remmie, Inc. to another individual or entity, and the subrecipient will be conducting a substantive portion of a PHS-funded research project and is accountable to Remmie, Inc. for programmatic outcomes and compliance matters. Subrecipients, who include but are not limited to collaborators, consortium members, consultants, contractors, subcontractors, and sub-awardees, are subject to Remmie, Inc. terms and conditions, and as such, Remmie, Inc. will take reasonable steps to ensure that any subrecipient Investigator is in compliance with the federal FCOI regulation at 42 CFR Part 50 Subpart F.
Remmie, Inc. will incorporate, as part of a written agreement with the subrecipient, terms that establish whether Remmie, Inc.’s FCOI Policy or that of the subrecipient’s institution will apply to the subrecipient Investigator(s). See the NIH Grants Policy Statement Section 15.2.1 Written Agreement at 15.2 Administrative and Other Requirements (nih.gov).
If the subrecipient’s FCOI policy applies to the subrecipient Investigator, the subrecipient institution will certify as part of the agreement with Remmie, Inc. that its policy is in compliance with the federal FCOI regulation. In this situation, the agreement shall specify the time period for the subrecipient to report all identified FCOIs to Remmie, Inc. in sufficient time to enable Remmie, Inc. to provide timely FCOI reports, as necessary, to the PHS/NIH as required by the regulation (i.e., prior to the subrecipient’s expenditure of funds and within 60 days of the subrecipient’s identification of an FCOI during the period of an award). Therefore, the written agreement may establish a reporting requirement of FCOIs identified during the period of an award to be submitted to Remmie, Inc. within 50 or 55 days of the subrecipient’s identification of an FCOI to allow Remmie, Inc. to report the FCOI within the 60-day period. The Remmie, Inc. assigned FCOI SO will submit the FCOI report (subrecipient report) to the NIH via the eRA Commons FCOI Module.
If the subrecipient cannot provide the certification of compliance with the FCOI regulation, the agreement shall state that the subrecipient Investigator is subject to Remmie, Inc.’s FCOI Policy for disclosing SFI(s) that are directly related to the subrecipient’s work for Remmie, Inc. Therefore, Remmie, Inc. will require the submission of all Investigator disclosures of SFIs to Remmie, Inc. The agreement will include sufficient time period(s) to enable Remmie, Inc. to comply timely with its review, management, and reporting obligations under the regulation. When an FCOI is identified, Remmie, Inc. will develop a management plan, monitor subrecipient Investigator compliance with the plan, and submit an FCOI report (subrecipient report) to the NIH through the eRA Commons FCOI Module for any FCOIs identified for a subrecipient Investigator.
MAINTENANCE OF RECORDS
The Institution will keep all records of all Investigator disclosures of financial interests and the Institution’s review of, or response to, such disclosure (whether or not a disclosure resulted in the Institution’s determination of a Financial Conflict of Interest), and all actions under the Institution’s policy or retrospective review, if applicable. Records of financial disclosures and any resulting action will be maintained by the Institution for at least three years from the date of submission of the final expenditures report or, where applicable, from other dates specified in 45 C.F.R. 75.361 for different situations. Remmie, Inc. will retain records for each competitive segment as provided in the regulation.
FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THIS POLICY
Compliance with this policy is a condition of employment and/or participation for all applicable Investigators. Therefore, such Investigators who fail to comply with this policy are subject to discipline, including letters of reprimand, restriction on the use of funds, termination of employment, or disqualification from further participation in any PHS/NIH-funded research, etc., as may be deemed appropriate.
USEFUL FCOI AND NIH RESOURCES
FCOI Regulation 42 CFR Part 50 Subpart F at eCFR :: 42 CFR Part 50 Subpart F — Promoting Objectivity in Research
FCOI Webpage at Financial Conflict of Interest | grants.nih.gov
FCOI Training Webpage at FCOI Training | grants.nih.gov
FCOI FAQs at Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) | grants.nih.gov
NIH Guide Notices Related to FCOI at NIH Guide Notices Related to Financial Conflict of Interest | grants.nih.gov
Subscribe to the NIH Guide to Grants and Contracts at NIH Guide LISTSERV: Subscribe to Weekly TOC E-Mail with New NIH Guide Postings and Funding Opportunities
Foreign Grant webpage at Information For Foreign Grants | grants.nih.gov and Important Highlights of FCOI Regulatory Requirements for Foreign Institutions | grants.nih.gov
NIH’s Welcome Wagon letter at NIH “WELCOME WAGON” LETTER Information for New Recipient Organizations | grants.nih.gov and
FCOI information at NIH “WELCOME WAGON” LETTER Information for New Recipient Organizations | grants.nih.gov
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